Appending to Matlab Arrays

/The variable $var appears to change size on every loop iteration. Consider preallocating for speed./

So sayeth Matlab.

Let's try it:

x_prealloc = cell(10000, 1);
x_end = {};
x_append = {};
for n=1:10000
    % variant 1: preallocate
    x_prealloc(n) = {42};
    % variant 2: end+1
    x_end(end+1) = {42};
    % variant 3: append
    x_append = [x_append {42}];
end

Which variant do you think is fastest?

Unsurprisingly, preallocation is indeed faster than growing an array. What is surprising is that it is faster by a constant factor of about 2 instead of scaling with the array length. Only appending by x = [x {42}] actually becomes slower for larger arrays. (The same thing happens for numerical arrays, struct arrays, and object arrays.)

TL;DR: Do not use x = [x $something], ever. Instead, use x(end+1) = $something. Preallocation is generally overrated.